Comercio Internacional

¿Cuál es el papel de la ALADI en el comercio internacional?

Posted on by Angel Avalos
21
Nov

La Asociación Latinoamericana de Integración (ALADI) es un organismo conformado actualmente por 13 países de la región. ¿Sabías que el último en integrarse a este grupo de países fue la República de Panamá? De hecho, de acuerdo al sitio oficial de este organismo, fue el 10 de mayo del 2012 que Panamá se convirtió en el decimotercer país en ser parte del mismo. Sigue leyendo, pues a continuación te explicaré cuál es el papel de la ALADI en el comercio internacional.

Primero que nada, la ALADI es un grupo latinoamericano de integración que busca brindar preferencias económicas en la región para conformar un mercado común latinoamericano. Si deseas conocer los beneficios que los Tratados de Libre Comercio pueden traer a un país, te invito a leer nuestro blog ¿Qué es el T-MEC y qué beneficios trae a México?

Este organismo es regulado por el Tratado de Montevideo. Además, el tratado funge como marco jurídico constitutivo de la asociación y fue creado el 12 de agosto de 1980.

La ALADI está conformada por tres órganos políticos (el Consejo de Ministros, La Conferencia de Evaluación y Convergencia y el Comité de Representantes; y un órgano técnico (la Secretaría General).

Esta asociación se vale de tres mecanismos para lograr estandarizar el mercado latinoamericano y son:

  • Preferencia arancelaria. Los países miembros tienen una tasa preferencial en el pago de aranceles en comparación a los países fuera de esta asociación.
  • Acuerdos regionales. Los acuerdos se aplican para todos los países que forman parte de la asociación.
  • Acuerdos parciales. Se trata de acuerdos que involucran a dos o más países de la región.

Acuerdos de la ALADI

Aunado a esto, la ALADI también implementa acciones hacia el resto de Latinoamérica. Aplica vínculos y acuerdos parciales con otros países del continente. Asimismo busca cooperar con otras acciones de integración con países en vías de desarrollo.

En este sentido, algunos de los acuerdos, tanto regionales como de alcance parcial se exponen en puntos como:

  • Desgravación arancelaria y promoción del comercio.
  • Complementación económica.
  • Comercio agropecuario.
  • Cooperación financiera, tributaria, aduanera y sanitaria.
  • Preservación del medio ambiente.
  • Cooperación científica y tecnológica.
  • Promoción del turismo y más.

Sistemas de apoyo

Adicionalmente, se establece un sistema preferencial de apoyo para los PMDER (Países de Menor Desarrollo Económico Relativo). En este caso, los países pertenecientes a esta categoría son: Bolivia, Ecuador y Paraguay. Dichos países gozan de programas especiales como:

  • Preinversión 
  • Financiamiento
  • Apoyo tecnológico

Como podrás darte cuenta, la ALADI busca estandarizar y facilitar intercambios comerciales entre los países de toda la región Latinoamericana. A través de distintas medidas, logra dar oportunidades de comercio integrando la región. Asimismo busca satisfacer las necesidades de todos los países que la conforman y los demás de la región.

Si deseas conocer más acerca de los distintos elementos que rigen el comercio internacional y otros temas, síguenos en todas nuestras redes sociales y en nuestro canal de YouTube donde podrás encontrar nuestro contenido actualizado constantemente. Recuerda que en Olín Logistics, contamos con más de 10 años de experiencia, por lo que podemos brindarte apoyo y asesoría en todo lo referente a logística internacional. 

Fuentes:
  • https://www.aladi.org/sitioaladi/
  • https://www.aladi.org/sitioaladi/quienes-somos-2/
  • https://www.cancilleria.gov.co/international/consensus/aladi
  • https://www.subrei.gob.cl/organismos-multilaterales/aladi-asociacion-latinoamericana-de-integracion/que-es-la-aladi
  • https://www.aladi.org/sitioaladi/organizacion-institucional/#:~:text=El%20Consejo%20de%20Ministros%20
Angel Avalos

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